The CO2 Bomb

 

A simple device assembled for less about three Dollars, discounting the soda you consume, or give to the kids, can end an era that has cost America more than $1 trillion for nothing and is now planned to cost trillions  more if Democrat REP Alexandria Accosio Cortez prevails with her "New Green Deal."

This bomb does not explode: It implodes the myth of  CO2 caused "global warming" as well as the myth CO2 is evil.

The device sits on a south-facing window sill on a clear sunny day at noon.  It is a "2.5 liter" soda bottle, rinsed clean of the sugary soda drink it contained.  We added 325 milliliters of water as the volume is actually 2,725 milliliters and with water reduces to 2,400 milliliters of air over water so we can quantify everything about the air sample and what we do to it.

The cap has two holes made by a quarter inch shafted Phillips screwdriver heated for 30 seconds over a candle.  In one hole there is a standard laboratory "stick" thermometer with a range of -10° Celsius to +110º Celsius and the other hole is covered with tape so we can add drops of vinegar and then re-seal it.

The bottle has a foil "cap" to shade the thermometer showing the 20º Celsius degrees room temperature.  We will add CO2 to see what happens to the temperature of the air in the flask.  

Anti fossil fuel people say the temperature will rise while we argue it will not and say it will fall as the legendary French physical scientist Andre' Le Chatelier, would insist were he alive.  This device settles the "global warming" issue in the way of real science: experimentally and not by a committee of "peer review," politically-correct professors paid to say it will increase the temperature in the flask.

Physical science shows with great precision what happens when we turn to "stoichiometry," the quantitative relationships of the reactants as we have refined this work over 800 years.

For each trial we use measured quantities of baking soda, sodium bicarbonate, and White Distilled Vinegar, 5% acetic acid, as both are pure food products.  Baking soda is 100% sodium bicarbonate and White Distilled Vinegar is 5% acetic acid in water so we can measure both accurately. 

To determine the quantities of baking soda and vinegar for the trial we use chemical relationships based on the relative weights of the elements in the compounds in a chemical reaction to produce precise amounts of CO2.  

Hydrogen, the lightest element, is defined as one atomic weight unit and has two atoms in each molecule so it has a "mole" mass of two grams and gas volume of 24,000 ml at 20 Celsius degrees.  For a "mole" we translate the number of atomic weight to grams.  The Mole or "Molar," gas volume is the same for 32 grams of oxygen, O2, 28 grams of nitrogen, N2, or 44 grams of CO2, carbon dioxide.  Every gas has a Molar volume of 24,000 ml at 20°C and each has the same number of molecules.  This is the stoichiometry of chemistry and physics.

Air is a mixture of three principle gases and eight "trace" gases, those with less than 1%.  Trace gases are present, but of no significance.  CO2 is in that class with 0.04% and was officially insignificant in atmospheric physics until the Federal government wanted to tax and control it and those who produce it.  

They purchased significance for CO2 with our money so they could tax even more for one million Dollars per year paid to the American Meteorological Society.  There there is no integrity in government science.  It is corrupt and this scam will produce the largest damage ever done in history by false science.

Water vapor controls the atmosphere as it has about three percent presence in the lower atmosphere, under 5000 feet, where we live and have weather. While 3% seems very little there is good reason water vapor has such a commanding presence our atmosphere.
  
Water vapor is the only gas absorbing significant infrared, IR, energy from sunlight and the only gas changing quantity in air as it exists as a solid, liquid or gas in Earth's range of temperatures with a 1200 to 1 difference in volume going from gas to liquid or solid as water, sleet,  snow or hail.   It absorbs infrared, IR, energy from sunlight seven times better than CO2  molecule for molecule.

Nitrogen and oxygen capture so little infrared (heat) energy they are classified "transparent" to IR.  Methane, touted as "...a greenhouse gas 2000 times as potent as CO2," is not and has an absorption profile very like nitrogen which is "transparent to infrared, IR," meaning no IR energy is captured by nitrogen to heat the atmosphere.

In the CO2 "bomb" we generate precise quantities of CO2 to add to the present day 400 parts per million, ppm, of CO2 with baking soda, NaHCO3, and White Distilled Vinegar, five percent acetic acid, CH3COOH, in the reaction:  

NaHCO3 + CH3COOH ---> CH3COONa + H2O + CO2g

84 grams of Sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, plus 60 grams of acetic acid, CH3COOH, react to make 82 grams of sodium acetate, 18g of water and 44 g of carbon dioxide gas.  44 g of CO2 is 24,000 ml, at 20°C, but we want only a tiny amount. 

Today air has 0.04% CO2, 400 parts per million, ppm, that is 9.60 ml per molar volume of air by: 24,000 x 0.0004 = 9.60 ml or 0.96 ml/0.1 mole for our 1/10th molar volume.

The test will be to add measured amounts of CO2 that "warmers" say will heat the atmosphere and see if it does. Rising temperature in the bottle would confirm their claim.

The equation shows equal numbers of moles of baking soda and acetic acid make equal numbers of moles of sodium acetate, water and carbon dioxide.

0.96 ml of CO2 is 0.96 ml/24,000 ml/mole = 0.00004 moles of CO2 is in our "bomb" as it is claimed to cause solar heating.  To wit:

Leading "warmer," Dr. Joe Romm, the resident climate expert for the New York Times claims by 2100 AD we will exceed 1,000 ppm of CO2 at the rate we are adding it now and make Earth unlivable.

We do this experimentally in our test flask "bomb," to see which of our scientists is correct: disciples of Le Chatelier or a public of  "Woke Warmers."   The temperature declines as CO2 is added!

5% White Distilled Vinegar has 50 grams of acetic acid in every liter of solution which is 50g/82g/mole = 0.61 mole/liter or 0.00061 mole/milliliter which would make 0.00061mole x 24,000 ml/mole = 14.6 ml of CO2 gas if we drop it into the flask with baking soda in solution so we have something to work with as there is a very easy way to get very small, accurate measures of chemicals as used in science and medicine.

The physics of water is such that one drop is 1/20th milliliter if it is formed with a medicine dropper.  This fact makes it possible for pharmacists and physicians to dispense medicines with great accuracy by counting drops knowing each one is 0.05 milliliter.

White Distilled Vinegar is 5% acetic acid, CH3CHOOH, 50 grams/liter or 0.05g/ml, or 0.0025g/drop or 0.0025g/84g/mole = 0.0000298 mole and will produce 0.0000298 x 24,000 = 0.714 ml of CO2 per drop of vinegar we add to a baking soda solution in the flask.  

We put a gram, 1/2 of 1/4 tsp, of baking soda in the flask water to be sure of more than enough to react with the acid completely. Where 0.96 ml of CO2 in our flask is 400 ppm we can see that an additional 0.714 ml of CO2 will be 0.714/0.96 x 400 = 298 ppm of CO2 to the flask for a total of:  400 ppm+ 298 ppm = 698 ppm and per Dr. Romm we should see the temperature in the flask rise dramatically, but doing this on a sunny day at noon when the sun's heating effect peaks has no effect!  Nothing happens! 

If you set up the "bomb" flask in a sunny, south-facing window, you will see the temperature rise until noon.  It then declines with the sun.  The 10:00 AM to noon sun rise reaction is normal as solar radiation travels through less air the higher the sun angle and at the surface we get more IR.

If we add another drop of vinegar to go to 996 ppm which is where Dr. Romm has predicted America would be unlivable in 2100 AD we still see no effect. This alone should kill the entire “Climate Change – We’re all gonna die!” nonsense.   Nothing happens!

Adding several drops of CO2 fails to increase temperature in the flask per  Dr. Romm's "warmers" and the temperature declines!  Dr. Romm certainly has not done any experimental work to reveal the truth and has fallen to the level of a corrupt politician thereby. 

Or, has he known all along and been lying to us so to get more grants for panic pushing papers, pronouncements and TV appearances threatening the carbon fuels generating and using energy industries plus huge cash prize awards and adulations for "...saving the planet!" 

This scam has been so pernicious it has corrupted many of our most august science institutions, including: The American Meteorological Society, AMS, National Science Foundation, NSA, National Geographic Association, NGA. We must better manage grant awarding. We have wasted over $1 trillion on this scam and the "meter" is running at the rate of millions of Dollars, per month.  We here prove this to be a fraud with a $3 thermometer and common pantry items.
  
While the AMS is not on record, in 1988 if someone had gone to them the day after Dr. James Hansen and Albert Gore, Jr. made their historic presentation to the Joint Congressional Committee on Science and Technology alarming them with "CO2, We're All Gonna Die!" and asked the AMS about CO2, they would have said " A gas with only 0.04% presence in the atmosphere is of no consequence," but the Obama Administration bought them off with a $1 million annual stipend.  Such is the integrity of Washington, DC and this proves the axiom: “No great empire can last more than 250 years.”  We are 244 and on the cusp of great decline.  Thus:

We continue and add enough White Distilled Vinegar to get to the 1% lower limit standard the AMS adhered to for 100 years by adding 30 more drops of White Distilled Vinegar to our flask and the temperature falls!  This means increasing CO2 in the atmosphere will bring on an Ice Age before a desert per Dr. Romm.

The Le Chatelier Principle of Equilibrium for gases is no longer taught in Physical Science, Chemistry and Physics, courses because it would expose this fraud.  It says, " If a system has a change in quantity, temperature or pressure, it balances to minimize the change."  Thus adding CO2 reduces water vapor as it is the only gas that can leave the atmosphere in our temperature range and it declines!

Water vapor does 99.8% of all atmospheric heating and like the air we breathe there is nothing politicians can do about it, but lie.  When we add CO2 we drive water vapor out.  CO2 is 1/7th the absorber of IR energy from sunlight as water vapor.  Water is the only compound in air that can leave the atmosphere to maintain the physical balance as defined by Henri Le Chatelier in the early 20th century.. 

When CO2 is added water vapor leaves becoming clouds or rain; the solar air heating function is reduced and the temperature falls.  That is the implosion of our "CO2 Bomb."  It can, and hopefully will, destroy the greatest scam for money and power hopefully brought to an end by the CO2 bomb.

Adrian Vance